Laparoscopy: innovation, precision and advantages for the patient

What is laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is a surgical technique, also known as minimally invasive surgery, which allows to perform surgical procedures without opening the patient’s abdomen. During a laparoscopic procedure, the surgeon realizes small scars in the abdomen, from 5 mm to 1 cm in size, which allow to introduce a flexible tube with a camera on the top, called optical system, and surgical instruments like graspers, hook and scissors. This technique allows the surgeon to watch the abdomen from interiorly in a high resolution video-screen, magnifying the image and increasing the precision of the surgical act, without opening the abdomen by a medium-big scar, like in classic traditional surgery.

Live surgery by Prof. Dapri in Chongqing (China)

How laparoscopy works

During a laparoscopic surgical procedure, the patient undergoes to general anesthesia and is positioned in supine position. The surgeon performs in the abdomen one or three incisions, from 5-mm to 1-cm size, to introduce the optical system and the necessary instruments. At this point, the surgeon performs the surgical procedure like in conventional open surgery but watching the screen with magnified pictures and more precise surgical acts.

Live surgery by Prof. Dapri in Tokyo (Japan)

Why do laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is indicated for every type of abdominal disease which interests the gastrointestinal tract like the disease of the esophagus, of the stomach, the hiatal hernia, of the small bowel, of the right colon, of the transverse colon, of the left colon, of the sigmoid colon, of the rectum, of the adrenal gland, of the spleen, of the pancreas, of the liver and of the gallbladder. It also allows to place a mesh in the abdominal wall to treat inguinal or incisional hernia.

Advantages

Laparoscopy allows more than one advantage if compared with conventional open surgery, like the non-use of nasogastric tube after surgery, the coming out from the bad since the evening of surgery, the drinking fluids since the day after surgery, a major restart of personal activities, minor risk of complications and infections, a reduced hospital stay and also a better cosmetic result.

Types of surgery

Single-incision laparoscopic procedures

Foregut surgery

Fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux / hiatal hernia.

Colorectal surgery

Right hemicolectomy, transverse colon resection, left hemicolectomy, resection of the rectum, small bowel resection.

Abdominal wall surgery

Inguinal hernia repair by pre-peritoneal approach (TEP), umbilical hernia repair, ventral hernia repair, diaphragmatic hernia repair.

Solid Organs

Splenectomy, adrenalectomy, hepatic resection.

Miscellaneous

Cholecystectomy, appendectomy, staging laparoscopy for tumor.

Three-incisions laparoscopic procedures

Foregut surgery

Laparo-thoracoscopic esophagectomy in prone position, total & partial gastrectomy.

Obesity surgery

Adjustable gastric banding, gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, duodenal switch, biliopancreatic diversion.

Reoperation in obesity surgery

Revision of previous obesity surgery for insufficient weight loss, weight regain, occlusion, bleeding, ulcer, stenosis, gastroesophageal reflux and hiatal hernia.

Abdominal wall surgery

Inguinal hernia repair by trans-addominal pre-peritoneal approach (TAPP).

Solid Organs

Major hepatectomy, duodenopancreatectomy and distal pancreatectomy.

Miscellaneous

Revisional surgery of a previous procedure.

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